Hello! I work as a doctor for 21 years. My name is George O. Sapego. This article will tell something useful about why the bad food is absorbed.
When nutrients are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, it is called malabsorption.
Sometimes even maldigestion. This is when food is not digested.
The meaning of these two concepts are different, but they often go together.
Malabsorption is global when such as gluten enteropathy anything not normally absorbed. Or is that not selectively absorbed some vitamin.
Fat
Most fats are absorbed in the beginning of the small intestine.
Normally, in adults it absorbed more than 94% of fat from food. Neonates absorbed only 85%.
Fat does not dissolve in water. Therefore, in order to digest fat and sucked, it should turn into an emulsion. In the area of the emulsion of fat droplets are much larger, and the digestive enzyme lipase digests it successfully.
Emulsification of fat begins during chewing. Then the fat is mixed due to stomach motions.
Before splitting fat droplets should be covered with a layer of phospholipids. We also get these phospholipids with food. This is roughly the same as the lecithin. Read the composition of chocolate? There, too, there is an emulsifier "lecithin".
To phospholipids normally covered with droplets of fat, they should be roughly in the ratio of 1:30. Additional phospholipids fed into the intestine in bile.
Fat begins to be digested with the language
The first lipase begins to stand out more from the glands of the language. Then in the stomach also has a lipase. Lipase in the language important for newborns. She have half the fat breaks down.
When all this half-digested matter enters the duodenum, pancreas notices digested fat and realizes that it is time to enter the game. A whole range of pancreatic enzymes, which in cooperation with bile straightened with fat.
There are two important points:
- In the duodenum should appear bicarbonate ions. They basified environment, and only if the fat is properly digested and absorbed. If there has been a lot of acid in the stomach, the fat is digested poorly.
- Bile acids from the liver have fat droplets in turn is already very tiny micelles of half-digested lipids.
Then begins the absorption. Fat turns into a soup of small micelles and larger loposom. Somewhere there will be swimming the fat-soluble vitamins. This broth is absorbed through the intestinal wall.
Bile acids also would suck the blood stream and fall back into the liver.
What should happen, what would become worse absorbed fat
Here are several options:
Bowel disease or bowel resection
- If the intestinal wall as the patient in case of problems with gluten, that through it will not be absorbed fat.
- If a portion of the small intestine was excised, the fat, too, will have nowhere to be absorbed.
- If you remove part of the intestine, the fat will be poorly absorbed.
- If bile acids nowhere to be absorbed, they will fly out with diarrhea. After that, the liver is usually unable to cope with the production of new bile acids, fat and poorly absorbed.
There's still a sea of different nuances. If interested, please write in the comments and we will continue.
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