Embroidered shirt - it's not just elegant clothes, and historical and cultural heritage of the Ukrainian people. It was anciently religious, magical significance for Ukrainians and was considered a talisman against harm and evil spirits, so valued more than money.
Today, on the Day shirts, version of the site Kolobok.ua discovered when the first embroidery and what traditions in Ukraine and beliefs associated with them.
WHAT HISTORIANS SAY? The first mention in the annals of embroidered shirts confirm that they were still the Scythians. A silver plaque on the 6 th century, found in archaeological excavations in the Cherkassy region, preserved the image of men in shirts with patterns typical of vyshivanok ages 18-19. Some Ukrainian ornaments met on the dishes and other household items, belonging to the Tripoli culture.
It is noteworthy that the motives of the old patterns are divided into three groups: geometric patterns, plants and animals.
In the 11th century in what is now Ukraine appeared gaptuvannya technique, in other words - gold embroidery. But after coming to our land of the Tatar-Mongol yoke, Slavic culture has practically ceased its development. "Golden Era" of art - 14th century. At that time, it became fashionable embroidery silk thread.
FOLK TRADITIONS. Embroidery has always been considered a talisman of protection, and, and, of course, connected with it many traditions and beliefs. For example, to protect the child from harm, misfortune and evil spirits for his shirt sewn from fabric, which was surrounded by church candles godparents at the baptism, the sacrament of the baby. It is because it was carried out the first shirt for the crumbs. In many regions, they embroidered in an inconspicuous place a red cross.
Ukrainians were special shirts, hoarded to start the planting season. They are circle dances, singing and asked to have the land bountiful harvest. This tradition goes back to the Old Slavonic nations.
Before the wedding the bride had to give his own shirt embroidered on the groom and his parents. At the same shirt for a future in-law before work was made to soak in salt water. It was believed that this will help avoid tears and strife in a young family.
Shirts for pregnant women only spun from flax or hemp. These plants are endowed with magical properties, and it was believed that these shirts will protect the young mother and her future child from the troubles and tribulations.
Patterns on embroidered shirts certainly had great symbolic significance, and with them also associated with many traditions and beliefs. For example, in any case, it was impossible to copy someone else's pattern, for example, a friend, neighbor or relative, because it meant that you repeat, or taking her destiny.
ORNAMENTS OF DIFFERENT REGIONS. Shirt on, you can easily tell in what region of the country it was embroidered. For instance, for Poltava characterized by embroidery white threads on white canvas is. Often shirtfront, embroidered white, encircled with black or red stripes. Embroider shirts are not only the cross, but also a smooth surface. There is even a technique that is called "Poltava expanse" and it is inherent only to this region.
In central, southern regions and the Kharkiv region decided to embroider shirts coarse thread cross and half-cross. It gives relief patterns and volume.
for shirts Polesie and Volyn characterized by geometric and diamond pattern, embroidered with red thread on a gray, not white-washed canvas.
White, red and black thread, small stitches, creating the impression of embroidery beads - such embroidered native of Chernigov.
Kiev shirts made of red and black thread. On them you will find floral designs (hops, oak, viburnum, grapes), and geometric shapes.
embroided skirts characterized by a technique called "openwork", which resembles lace. For this thread, along the fabric pulled and cross sheathe white or colored thread. In this technique can perform fine patterns or sheathe the entire shirt. Ornaments in the region choose one color or two-color - black color to add red, blue or yellow.
The variety of patterns and colors on the embroidered shirts western regions. Here there are both multi-colored patterns, as well as plain. For example, in Ternopil sheathe have only shirt sleeves, and Transcarpathian masters embroidered shirts zigzag.
