A variety of tumors, as well as cysts, can form in the tissues of the human jaw. But more often than others, it is just root cysts (or, in other words, radicular cysts) that develop. I wonder what, in general, is a root cyst of a tooth? Let's figure it out.
Root cyst at the tooth
This is such a small "bubble" of liquid that forms at the very root of the tooth. Its walls let the liquid substance go inside, due to which the cyst is constantly growing. Moreover, it is faster in the upper jaw than in the lower one, since the bone there is more porous. However, such growth cannot be called "rapid" - it can last literally for years.
Causes of occurrence
Common causes of cysts are:
- all kinds of injuries;
- caries, which no one has treated in a timely manner;
- poor fillings in the dental canals.
In any case, an infection of the root apex develops, and the cells of the immune system rush to fight it. From this place, the body hurries to enclose itself with a shell, forming a cyst in order to protect healthy adjacent tissues from damage.
How does a cyst present itself?
Only in the case of a decrease in immunity, the cyst declares itself, and so "sits quietly." But if there is stress or, say, you have a cold, then the infection that is in the cavity of each such bubble is activated and the contents fester. The cyst grows, and the patient develops a toothache, swelling of the cheek and gums.
Effects
The cyst presses on the surrounding bone and destroys it. As a result, a weakening of the jaw may occur, the risk of its fracture increases and with minor trauma. Moreover, cysts harm even the roots of neighboring teeth, which then also need to be treated.
If the cyst is localized in the upper jaw, it "knows how" to provoke inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, that is, sinusitis, which manifests itself in severe pain in the face and head, a terrible runny nose.
When a cyst is filled with pus, it can break through and cause inflammation of the periosteum - a flux. And if the pus spreads further, not far from the phlegmon - a dangerous complication that can lead to the death of the patient.
The doctor, based on each specific case, will prescribe either therapeutic or surgical treatment. The first is used if the cyst is small and does not bother, as well as on teeth that are either not filled or poorly filled.
The essence of such treatment is the removal of the pulp from the root canals after unsealing and the treatment of the surfaces with antiseptic agents. In this case, a medicine is injected, which will fill the canals of the tooth for a while (for several weeks). And only then the tooth will need to be properly filled.
Surgical treatment (in other words, resection) of the apex of the tooth root is carried out with a dental bur under local anesthesia, with dissection of the gums and root tip. This is the recommended method:
- with large cysts;
- for teeth under crowns;
- if the canals are well sealed.
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