Zuhra Pavlova, an endocrinologist and scientific MSU University Hospital. hands. "Hospitals system of medicine" by channel t.me/doctorpavlova
Levels produced in our body hormones depends not only on organic and functional health glands, which produce these hormones, but also on other factors. Let's talk about that could affect the synthesis of a particular hormone. Began offering a very powerful hormone - cortisol.
The word hormone is derived from Greek (hormao) and means "excited." It is thanks to their action, hormones, and got its name.
All hormones are divided into two main groups: steroidal and non-steroidal.
Steroid hormones are derivatives of cholesterol (So no need to deal with it without thinking). These hormones include such known substances as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol dihydrotestosterone.
Non-steroidal hormones have a different chemical nature - they can be produced from the amino acids (Melatonin, epinephrine or norepinephrine, ie from an amino acid with a slight change in the molecules), peptides (oxytocin, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, antidiuretic hormone from several amino acid residues) polypeptides (partgormon, insulin, growth hormone and prolactin from a plurality of amino acid residues), or glycoprotein (LH, FSH, hCG proteins and the compounds of carbohydrates).
Let's start with one of the most powerful hormones in our body with cortisol. It is also called a stress hormone.
Cortisol is a steroid hormone -glyukokortikoidny nature. It is synthesized by the adrenal cortex and a day produced in an amount of from 15 to 30 mg. synthesis rate and quantity depend on stimulating factors such as stress, trauma, infection, hypoglycemia (blood glucose lowering), hypotension (blood pressure lowering). Enabling factors increase the synthesis kortikotropinrelizing hormone in the hypothalamus (this is a call center in the head), he sends a signal to the pituitary gland (the control room - is also in head, only slightly lower than in the projection of the nose) and there is produced ACTH hormone (ACTH), which is acting on the adrenal glands, it causes the generated Cortisol.
Cortisol is so important that without this hormone we could not live a few hours. Here, for example, without testosterone (when the gonads are absent, or they are in the right place, but the endocrine tissue has lost the ability to produce hormones) we can live for decades (a small amount of it is produced in the adrenal glands). Poorly, but we continue to live.
Cortisol is our main adaptogen, that is a substance that contributes to a better adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
If you do not indulge in long reflection of cortisol functions, they can be summarized in three main:
1. Control of blood glucose levels and maintaining a safe, a sufficient level, in continuous operation. To reserves glucose did not end, and controls Cortisol promotes the formation of glucose in the liver (gluconeogenesis). In other words, it provides the body with energy.
2. Control of blood pressure. So-called "physical" possibility of existence of the body, fluid retention in the "system", and the flow of this fluid in the "pipe." Naturally, this process is governed by a multi-component and a large number of materials and systems.
3. Cortisol is our main protector against all sorts of infections.
Accordingly, such an important substance should always be in sufficient quantities in the body. Anyway, if a person is healthy. Normally, the concentration varies significantly depending on the time of day.
Morning cortisol most, and we wake up to sleep, full of strength and vigor. In the evening, its concentration tends to a minimum, in order to make room to another hormone - melatonin.
If we overcome the self and continued to watch when sleepy, then cortisol levels rise again, a dream passes and we continue our activities further.
If the process of active life at night becomes a habit, then gradually imposed rhythm of the body perceived "norm", the body adapts to this mode, but it does not mean that everything goes without consequences. For the body this situation is stressful, and it is slowly but surely deplete the adrenal glands are constantly urging the synthesis of cortisol.
Given the fact that we all live in is not physiological conditions, not only disrupting circadian rhythms, but consuming excessive amounts of simple carbohydrates, alcohol, various stimulants, live in conditions of constant noise (one of the negative factors of urbanization), etc., all this sooner or later lead to the depletion of the so-called Adrenal fatique or "fatigue adrenal glands. " What other symptoms have increased cortisol synthesis:
1. Cortisol has a two-faced function - catabolic with respect to muscle tissue, that is, he destroys it and anabolic function in relation to adipose tissue and especially the visceral part of it. I.e, muscle becomes scarce, as well as fat in the lower and upper limbs, but the belly becomes large. Fat is stored inside the abdomen (including he excessively accumulated in the liver - steatosis and pancreas-lipomatosis) in subcutaneous fat. These manifestations occur in very high concentrations of cortisol. We're talking about subclinical, relative changes. In other words, the absolute values are still within the reference, that is, within which are designated as the norm. But with respect to each other hormones changed: one closer to the upper border, the other close to the lower limit of normal. Although it is possible and absolute changes.
2. Stimulating the growth of abdominal obesity, triggered by the development of systemic inflammation of adipose tissue and type 2 diabetes, respectively, the risk of cardiovascular events. We must realize that if you stick kalorazha where calorie intake is not exceed the physical waste of calories, the excess calories storing in adipose tissue does not It happens. It's not easy, but possible.
3. Cortisol is in direct antagonism with androgens, that is, the higher the level of cortisol, the lower testosterone. You may have noticed when a person in chronic stress, it is not to sex, and not to exercise. He is thoughtful, low active and prone to depression.
4. chronic stress markedly weakens the immune system, and people are more susceptible to infectious diseases.
5. Elevated cortisol levels reduces bone mineral density, contributing to fractures, including because it interferes with anabolic effect of androgens and reduces the organic matrix of bone.
6. Elevated levels of cortisol may change the intestinal workStarting from lower suction function disorders microbiota and intestinal motility before change (the propensity to diarrhea, the constipation).
Which can positively affect the increased level of cortisol?
1. Exception trigger factors - compliance with the regime of the day, sleep in the right conditions, and it is silence, darkness, freshness, normal humidity and coolness.
1. Regular physical activityThat balances the levels of cortisol and androgens, it will produce the same factor of fitness and will direct the IL-6 in the direction of a positive influence in the body (Schwartz VY "Inflammation of adipose tissue" Morphological and functional manifestations. Problems of Endocrinology 2009, №4. Schwartz VY "Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ." Problems of Endocrinology 2009, № 1.).
2. Adequate protein intake at each meal. It is not necessary to abuse the amount more than a certain amount is not absorbed. This amount is about 30 grams per meal. For example, the eggs from one medium may be absorbed approximately 6 grams. squirrel. The use of carbohydrates, with a focus on complex and simple carbohydrates decrease. In no case do not try to eliminate carbohydrates completely. Then go into the furnace, especially proteins. And this component of our food - is priceless.
3. Drink plenty of water. There is not one person who did not need to water. Clean water, which can not be replaced by any juices or soups or tea or coffee. Not less than 2 liters of water. If you have a disease, talk with your doctor about the necessary amount of liquid, just for you.
4. Regular use of adaptogensSuch as ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera root extract), multivitamins, and more. Few references about ashwagandha and its versatile positive impact, including on adaptation. All exemplary links it works in animals that did not detract from the merits of the substance and the 5000 years of experience in "traditional" medicine of China and India.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28849547 analgesic effect, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29025435 anti-inflammatory effect, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28968926 adaptogens review, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28848589 biotechnology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28839383 antitumor activity, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28693955 antioxidant function, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28526626 anti-aging
5. And, of course, positive emotionsWhich are excellent prevention of adrenal exhaustion.
For example, maybe it will be interesting. You can be born with a relative deficiency of cortisol.
Such kids often suffer from all sorts of colds - tonsillitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, pneumonia.
These children often complain of pain in the abdomen.
They are selective in the food.
Most often, they do not like fatty foods and hard to cope with the acute, fried, etc.
They "lean", with narrow faces.
They have psychological characteristics - they are motivated, as a rule, very responsible, emotional and often redundant, due to the fact that the balance sheet glyukokordikoidy - catecholamines last dominate.
Therefore, these people, with all its inner goodness and responsiveness are very quick to react emotionally and often redundant, up to aggression, which then regret.
Born leaders.
With age, they tend to occupy the "central" positions in companies like note in the conversation using accusatory rhetoric with caustic words, very often are argued in the debate, able to find weak spots in the interlocutors, categorical. They are often referred to as a fighter for justice. After reading the memories of Comrade Che, it seems that he, too, had not the most productive in respect of cortisol by the adrenal glands.
Cheers and use the features of your body for the good!
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