Obesity in childhood and adolescence is a serious and problematic issue of our time. It is not the first decade of the observed increase in the number of children who have excess body weight.
The theme of the diagnosis and treatment of obesity of children and teenagers of the individual sections of nutrition, endocrinology, surgery, therapy, and other branches of medicine, as being overweight leads to serious problems with health.
In the development of obesity in children are two main factors:
caused by eating problems and incorrect, "sedentary" lifestyle, and is the result thyroid diseases, pituitary diseases, improper operation ovarian disease adrenal. Identification of the causes of obesity has been endocrinologist.
Causes of obesity in children and adolescents:
overeating - eating high-calorie foods (muffins, pastries, confectionery sweets), the cult and the tradition of "mnogoyadeniya" in the family, the parents are overweight, inappropriate complementary feeding infants children;
inactivity. Sedentary games, lying in the afternoon, long watching TV and find a computer monitor;
hypothyroidism - thyroid hormone deficiency. In this case, the child is delayed in its development starts later than normal age to keep his head, walking and talking. He observed a delayed eruption of teeth, the face looks puffy, swollen, often occur violations of the chair, visible dry skin, in girls during puberty observed violations month cycle;
hereditary and genetic diseases are often accompanied by overweight child's body along with a mental disability, muscular system weakness, visual impairment;
Pathology of the adrenal glands - Cushing's disease, accompanied by overproduction of glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal glands. Obesity in this disease in children and adolescents is accompanied by specific deposition of adipose tissue in the upper half of the body. Hands and bottom half are thin.
When choosing tactics of treatment of obesity in children and adolescents should take into account the need for the impact on the causes of it.
The complex of therapeutic measures include:
compliance with a special diet and diet;
targeted exercise therapy, dosage load, long and moving walks in the fresh air;
conservative therapy main and comorbidity;
surgical treatments.
All the subtleties of therapeutic effects should be discussed by doctors and parents of sick children.
Physical activity does not reduce weight directly, but contributes to the normalization of metabolism and prevents body weight to increase even more.
