Many parents do not need to explain the importance of vaccination against tetanus. But they are wrong when they think that the "school" injections to protect against the danger of the disease for life.
And yet, in the spring and summer of increased risk of infection seriously, because it is during the holidays more and more cases of child injury.
Prevention of tetanus involves a series of childhood immunizations. The first of these (DTP) is carried out in 3 months of age, and almost no protection.
Second make in 4.5 months, the third - after another month and a half. After that, up to the age of the child polutoragodovalogo tetanus is not terrible. But in the 18 months needed revaccination. Then another one - in 7 years, and, finally, the last school - in 14 years.
In the future, according to doctors, every 10 years, a person must be re-boosted to maintain a steady immunity to a dangerous disease. And then, get hurt, you can feel safe only under the condition that after the last vaccination was not more than 5 years. If passed still more, tetanus prophylaxis should be an emergency.
So, what to do if a child suddenly hurt? First of all, a wound clean of dirt and rinse with 3% hydrogen peroxide. If a kid is hurt and bleeding in the sandbox or playing with the animal, immediately contact the emergency room. Infection occurs by ingestion of the wound anaerobic bacteria tetanus. If the body does not have the strength to resist, the disease begins to develop 7-14 days after injury.
The risk of infection increases sharply if:
- obtained after treatment the wound has been more than 6 hours;
- obtained wound - chipped or break this fabric;
- wound depth - more than 1 cm;
- if the wound - or bullet obtained by puncture, burn, sting, crush, frostbite 2 degrees or more;
- the wound is a long current abscesses, bacteremia;
- present in the wound dead tissue;
- the wound foreign objects - particles of rust, the land, as well as splinters or saliva of animals.
Symptoms of tetanus
Symptoms of tetanus in some cases, may occur after 30-50 days after infection, when it received a wound already forgotten. But the shorter the latency, the more painful the disease passes.
Start from tetanus is always difficult. The first and most common symptom is a tonic tension jaw muscles with difficulty mouth movements due to seizure masticatory muscles like fever in human batters.
This is followed by other symptoms that make up the so-called typical triad: "sardonic smile" due to spasm of the facial muscles and the violation of the act of swallowing due to the reduction of muscles of the pharynx. Also violated the bodily functions of muscles: muscles numb neck, sharp bends back, straighten the arms and legs. Tonic tension extends to the intercostal and diaphragmatic muscles, due to which it becomes difficult to breathe, to do full, deep breaths. When the at least one of these symptoms, you need urgent medical care.
