Well, you are asking questions... Extrasystoles are extraordinary contractions of the heart. That is, my heart was beating at a given pace, and then suddenly something suddenly rattled off in a strange musical rhythm.
There are three main mechanisms for the appearance of extrasystoles:
- re-entry;
- increased automatism;
- trigger.
Re-login
The cells of our heart are able to produce electrical impulses and transmit them to their neighbors. Like small power plants. A wave of impulses is transmitted through the heart muscle, and the muscle contracts under this wave.
Somewhere at the base of the heart, a command is formed for the heart muscle in the form of an electrical impulse, and this impulse rolls throughout the heart until all the cells in the heart muscle contract. Then these cells will rest slightly and can again catch and transmit electrical impulses. They rest literally for a fraction of a second.
Re-entry is best thought of as fire in dry grass. Imagine a heart-shaped clearing covered with dry grass. If you set fire to this grass, then it will blaze with a wave and burn out the entire clearing. It is like one contraction of the heart.
Then the grass grows again, dries up under the sun, and it can be set on fire again. This will already be the next contraction of the heart. Well, like the grass has grown in a split second.
Now imagine that there is a hefty stone in the clearing. There will also be dry grass around him. If you set fire to the grass next to a stone, then a wave of fire can run around the stone and come up to the feet of the one who set the case on fire. Have you presented?
Now imagine that the new grass grows so quickly that it has time to grow and dry out by the time a wave of fire ran around the stone. And the same wave sets fire to the newly grown grass. And again runs around the stone. And so endlessly in a circle. This is called re-entry. That is, the fire does not die out somewhere on the horizon, but returns in a circle and sets fire to fresh grass.
This stone on the heart can be a scar after a heart attack or some kind of inflammation. Electrical impulses run around such a scar, and the heart twitches randomly.
Increased automatism
In our heart there is a whole set of sources of electrical impulses that give them out at a given frequency. They are pacemakers. If some adrenaline or illness raises the pacemaker, then he will throw more coal into the furnace of our heart, and it, like a steam locomotive, will knock its wheels faster and faster. Sometimes this sound of wheels turns into a whole series of extraordinary contractions of the heart.
Trigger
This is the trigger. Imagine that you are sick and have a coughing fit. And so you come to the doctor, and he invites you to breathe calmly and deeply and listens to your back with a tube. And you inhale deeply, then exhale slowly, but during this slow exhalation, a coughing fit rolls over you.
A cough is also an exhalation, but only a quick one. Which is superimposed on your usual slow exhalation. So the extrasystole, according to the trigger principle, rolls over your diseased heart at the moment when the heart is calmly contracting. Such an extrasystole is not independent. She grew like a hernia on the usual contraction of the heart. It was just that my heart was vulnerable at that moment.
The most interesting thing is that extrasystoles also appear in a healthy heart. There are so many different mechanisms, each of us has extrasystoles every day. This is fine. So don't worry too early.
