Cancer is a set of concomitant diseases in which some cells in the body begin to divide uncontrollably and spread to surrounding tissues. There are many specific types of cancer, but generally, cancers are divided into five main types.
Read to the end to get the most useful information.
1. Carcinoma
The most commonly diagnosed cancer is carcinoma. This cancer begins in the skin cells or the tissue lining of organs or glands, such as the lungs, breast, and pancreas. Like other cancers, carcinomas are abnormal cells that divide non-stop and can metastasize or spread to other areas of the body. The ability to spread very quickly is what makes cancer so serious.
2. Sarcoma
Sarcoma is relatively rare. It develops in bones, cartilage, and soft tissues such as muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, nerves, as well as in the deep tissues of the skin and blood vessels. Most sarcomas develop in the legs and arms, but can also be found in the head and neck, trunk, internal organs, and the back of the abdomen. There are about 50 different types of sarcoma.
3. Melanoma
Melanoma is cancer that usually starts in certain cells of the skin called melanocytes. These cells are responsible for the production of the brown pigment melanin, which darkens the skin in order to protect the deeper layers of skin from the harmful effects of sunlight. Most melanoma cells still continue to produce melanin, so the tumor is usually black or brown. However, melanoma is more likely to be pink or even white in color.
Melanoma can develop anywhere. Usually, the swelling occurs on the skin of the legs in women and on the skin of the trunk (back and chest) in men. The face and neck are also common sites for melanoma. This type of cancer is much more likely than other types of cancer to spread to the rest of the body if it is not detected early.
4. Lymphoma
The next most common group of cancers is lymphoma. It develops in the lymphatic system, which is part of the circulatory system and a vital part of the immune system. There are several types of lymphoma. The most common of these are non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma.
5. Leukemia
Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, where cancer cells form and replace healthy ones. The rate at which leukemia progresses and how malignant cells replace normal cells in the bone marrow and blood differ for each type of leukemia. Leukemia, according to the National Cancer Institute, is most common in adults over 55 and is the most common cancer in children under 15. Treatment for patients with leukemia depends on the type of blood cells affected and whether the disease is chronic or acute.
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