It happens. The person lies on their back, and at the same time they have normal blood pressure. Then the person will stand on his feet, and his upper pressure jumps by no less than 20 millimeters of mercury. It is advisable to repeat this trick several times on different days. This is called orthostatic hypertension.
This surge in pressure is associated with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Well, like adrenaline, all the cases. Usually this does not happen out of nowhere. Something must already be out of order.
We often notice a violation of the regulation of blood pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus. Sugar is bad for their nerves. Therefore, the nervous regulation of various functions of the body is strange.
And we also discussed postural tachycardia. There, about the same thing happens, but everything is manifested mainly by the heartbeat.
With postural tachycardia, the pressure usually does not scale.
The most interesting thing in this whole story is that if you count the number of people who jumped in a standing position pressure, then it roughly corresponds to the number of people whose pressure in the standing position is reversed falls.
Have you ever had this? They stood up abruptly, and darkened in their eyes. This is a decrease in blood pressure. Both the rise in pressure and its fall are based on the same disturbed regulation of vascular tone. It's just that someone is unlucky, and his pressure will scale.
In general, the blood pressure of any healthy person is constantly changing during the day. There are many different mechanisms for this, but most often and most clearly it is noticeable when changing the position of the body.
Anyone's blood tends to fall closer to the legs when moving from a prone position to an upright position. Sensory receptors in the carotid arteries and some other places instantly notice this and semaphore into the nervous system. Immediately, a signal goes to the arteries, the heart, hormones like adrenaline are released, and blood pressure jumps. This is normal. But there is an opinion that sometimes this whole kitchen is realized with brute force. I even have such a thing there is a separate article.
Some people believe that this is how every third person manages to earn constantly high blood pressure over time. That is, it’s like a payback for walking upright. If we hadn't got on our feet, then our pressure would not have scaled. It would be better to sit on a palm tree.
It is interesting that when the body reflexively spurs pressure on itself like this, it can be difficult to catch with an ordinary tonometer. That is, the tonometer may slightly underestimate the drama of the situation. When scientists in their research measure blood pressure literally inside an artery, then there it is higher than can be captured by a tonometer on the shoulder.
At night the pressure drops
It is said that in people with orthostatic hypertension, blood pressure not only decreases while lying down, but can literally drop. Especially at night. Such people are prone to developing strokes. Low blood pressure is easier for them to disrupt cerebral circulation. This does not mean that they do not wake up in the morning. A stroke can swat them during the day.
And again, this is a matter of some kind of impaired regulation of pressure, because strokes are equally likely to occur when the pressure rises in the standing position, and when it decreases in the standing position. That is, it darkens in the eyes for a reason. This is the brain receiving less blood.
Hypertensive crisis
All of these nerve damage in diabetes mellitus, when the regulation of blood pressure is disrupted, they usually unfold gradually. But you and I have agreed that the reasons may be different. Sometimes it's not about diabetes, but something suddenly breaks in my head at once. Then the regulation will be disrupted suddenly.
Yesterday a person was normal, but today his pressure is scaled in a standing position. Sometimes there are literally hypertensive crises up to 240/140 millimeters of mercury. Then, over time, it all smoothes out, but the first weeks are very fun.
So don't be surprised if your blood pressure rises while standing. This happens often.
