I am inoculated with the Sputnik. It is also called Gam-COVID-Vak. This is a vector vaccine. Not vector and not from "Vector", but vector. Because there is a vector in it.
A vector is a virus modified in a special way. Developers are introducing something useful into the genetic information of such a virus that needs to be shoved into the nuclei of our cells.
Inside the Sputnik is a vector based on an adenovirus. This is a popular vector. Adenovirus is common around us. He is well known and has long been used to make tools for delivering information to our cells.
Such a vector cannot reproduce itself. Therefore, it has to be injected into the muscle so that it quickly enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout our body.
If such a vector could multiply, that would be cool at all. It could be dripped into the nose. He would boost immunity in the nose. Moreover, it would be passed on to others. But this is difficult to predict and do. Therefore, our vector does not multiply. Our Sputnik vector looks more like a cloud of darts. He was thrown, and he stuck into some cages. As they say - to whom God will send.
This vector carries a piece of information cut from the virus that encodes the very protein with which the virus clings to our cells.
And now the adenoviral vector enters our cell and delivers information about the protein of the harmful virus to the nucleus of our cell. And our cell, like a fool, begins to churn out this protein. Immunity reacts to this matter.
The trick is that for such a vector vaccine, not only antibodies are formed, but also cellular immunity is developed. T-lymphocytes think that an evil enemy is actually multiplying inside our cells, although in reality, there is only a piece of this enemy. Identification mark.
Then, if our immunity meets a real enemy, it will release all its dogs on it: both antibodies and T-lymphocytes.
The problem is that our organisms may have once contacted with adenovirus. Then our immunity will kill this adenovirus still in our shoulder, and there will be no sense in vaccination.
Therefore, the Sputnik developers made a two-part vaccine. There are different vectors. That is, different strains of adenovirus. If we have already met the first strain, we might not have met the second. All this increases the likelihood of a good immune response to the vaccine.
Are these points clear?
Read my impressions for first and second Sputnik vaccination days.
