The international agency for cancer research, said: every year is celebrated worldwide on more than 18 million cases of this disease. In Russia, for the same period of logs up to half of patients with a diagnosis of cancer. But the overall mortality from cancer, we still declining. This is a result of the diagnosis at an early stage and the application of modern methods of treatment. However, the fact that the disease may return, not insured by any one "relatively correct". Even after the most effective treatment of the patient are "sleeping" cancer cells, at any time ready to wake up.
When the cancer is "asleep"
"Sleepers" are called malignant cells released from the primary tumor into the blood and settled in some body of micrometastases. Themselves while they do not show absolutely nothing. And because they do not eliminate any radiation, but chemotherapy. They did not notice, and the immune system for the time being. But suddenly, after some time passed after the treatment of the above-mentioned cells wake up and metastasize. The new tumor is not formed - this is really old metastasis of cancer, what is called a relapse.
The human immune system is able to recognize, and most importantly, to destroy malignant cells appear. But its resources are not limitless, and some of these cells obtained only lock by holding the activity. This is possible with a small number of vessels around. cancer cells while experiencing a shortage of oxygen and nutrients. Plus catch the signals from their own kind of cells have to be destroyed by the immune system. As a result, they cease to divide and how to freeze. Detect them becomes almost impossible.
You may ask: why doctors do not test to the end? Why not look for these "dormant" cells. Because it is inefficient. First, the diagnosis of little use. A treat "at random" - is simply unreasonable. Someone from former patients the tumor may come back in a year or two, someone - in 5-7 years. Someone just never. So what to treat?
Awakening
Scientists are sure: UTO release of "sleep" micrometastases can new blood vessels. They grow and improve supply of sleeping cells of nutrients and oxygen, causing them to begin to divide. And patients who seem to get rid of the cancer, will start a new round of illness.
Another factor that awakens the tumor cells, is stress depresses the immune system. Recovered cancer patients that is why it is often recommended to be strengthened. However, sometimes too strong immune system, or rather, its violent reaction to inflammation, provokes "sleeping" cancer.
At damage organism responsible inflammation neutrophils - immune system cells and digesting exciting foreign microorganisms. In dangerous cases, these cells act like kamikadze - die, leaving a web of self from DNA impregnated with toxic substances. In pathogen that falls into such a network, there is no chance, but the sleeping cancer cells, it becomes a life-giving source. And all because that the DNA attached to the antibacterial molecules act on the protein laminin in the intercellular substance. And this protein wakes inactive tumor cell, causing it to start the rapid division.
This awakening biologists have tried to trace in mice infected with breast cancer, in a "dormant" cells of which was "built" the luciferase gene. First, the disease itself does not exhibit. But then in mice using tobacco smoke (test animals were 3 weeks in a smoky room) provoke inflammation, and it has already prompted the tumor cells to the active reproduction and development.
It is known that tobacco smoke can cause lung inflammation, provoking death of neutrophils and after the formation of extracellular DNA with enzymes traps, firing laminitis and integrin. These two proteins awaken "dormant" onco-cells, forcing them to share.
What to do?
The protection system of the human body reacts to inflammation and growth of blood vessels enzyme tyrosine SYK, which is present in the "dormant" tumor cells. A crush can SYK activity using fostamatinib - substances active against rheumatoid arthritis and thrombocytopenia. And carrying out experiments on laboratory mice with this substance, we have already given positive results.
Today, the scientific community is actively discussing the link between inflammation and oncology. But version requires sound scientific reinforcements. That is why currently under a lot of research in the direction of preventing cancer by using anti-inflammatory drugs.
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