Modern parents are trying to develop your baby literally from the cradle, but it turns out there is a specific time for the development of a particular skill. What is sensitive periods of development and what are they for?
Sensitive (Sensitive) period - a period of time, the most favorable for the development of a child of a particular skill, ability or psychological qualities. The psychology of the concept introduced Lev Vygotsky, but in more detail the essence of the phenomenon outlined Italian psychologist Maria Montessori. So, for the development of certain abilities kid has the right time, it can be customized for each child, as these periods do not have clear boundaries and are layered one upon another, in some kid end abruptly, and the other - continuing a long time. What are the sensitive periods of development there?
Sensitive period of language development:from 0 to 6 years
- 0-4 months - the child reacts to the speech addressed to him, turns his head toward the sound, he begins to make sounds.
- 1-1,5 years - child listens to your conversation, It begins to utter the first word.
- 2-2,5 years - in speech increases vocabulary, words and emotions a child is able to express their needs and desires.
- 2.5-3 years - baby pronounces his thoughts and actions.
- 3.5-4 years - a child can use it consciously.
- 4-4,5 years - in this age of the child with the help of speech and communication can solve their own problems.
- 5 years - there is interest in the letters, the child can suddenly start writing, the ideal time to start reading.
Sensitive period of the order of perception:from 0 to 3 years. For the child, the order - it's part of his life, and the order in everything: in time, in a relationship, in an environment in which it is located. That is why it is so important for the baby in the first year of life establish a clear mode, since the specific sequence of steps - mode - gives the child a sense of conncon- cern and confidence, helps to identify themselves in this world.
The child understands and knows that after breakfast you need to go for a walk, that the toys are in the box near the crib, kitchen utensils, and clothes in the closet of his. Any change to the usual situation for the child or his regime leads to resentment, because it violates the usual order.
That is why psychologists recommend the period from 0 to 3 years not to change radically the place of residence, physical appearance (yes, if the mother obstrigla hair - it is also a violation of the usual order).
In addition, the order must be in communication with the child, all prohibitions and educational moments strict coordination between parents and consistent. For example, if your child something is impossible, it can not be always, regardless of the situation or conditions. On the environment in which the child will live up to 3 years, which will depend on his subsequent life.
Touch sensitive period of development:from 0 to 5.5 years. Sensory development - is the basis for thinking, rich vocabulary, mathematical perception. Knowledge of the world at the touch develops visual, sensual and especially tactile perception ambient, so it is important from an early age to acquaint the child with the materials of different textures, shapes and colors.
Sensitive period of perception of small objects:from 1.5 to 5.5 years. It lives at their fingertips, so we need to encourage the child's interest to small items. A year after the baby and pulls to the buttons, baby, grain-porridge and small Circuits. Give your child the opportunity under your supervision to string beads on a string, collect puzzle pieces or designer to sort out the rump, sculpt dough. Encourage any type of activity that stimulates the development of the sensitivity of the fingertips and fine motor skills.
Sensitive period of movements and actions: from 1 to 4 years. The child's mental development runs parallel with the physical, so you can not prohibit the child to move, as it will affect the development of his brain. The task of parents - to ensure the maximum safety of the child and give free rein to his movements, and it would be beneficial both to his health, and the intellect.
Sensitive period of development of self-reliance:from 0 to 5 years. Gradually the child learns new things and was already able to drink from a cup, two - yourself there, and three - to dress. Do not miss the desire for independence of their baby, do not try to do everything for him, be patient. If you constantly suppress the child's initiative and deprive him of independence, it will grow a dependent person who will always be in need of your help and care, but in a more serious matters than buttoning buttons.
Sensitive period of development of social skills:from 2.5 to 6 years. This age is perfect to teach the kid the rules of communication with adults, communication skills with peers, ability to negotiate, ask to change, to be able to wait and be patient. So do not limit the circle of family communication only child, if he does not go into the garden, then try ensure his communion with the children in another way: children's playgrounds, sports clubs, educational classes.
Also be sure to ask about What signs indicate that a child up to a year behind in development
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