How to teach your baby to speak: 8 rules to help develop speech

Kids begin to chat quickly enough in their "Martian" language. But parents are often impatient to hear how they will speak “earthly”.

“When this happens is genetically determined, but parents can help build a passive vocabulary, and prepare the articulatory apparatus for active speech, stimulate speech necessity, make speech breathing correct ",

- confident speech therapist Ekaterina Knyagnitskaya. The expert told what needs to be done to prevent violations in the development of the speech of babies.

1. To make your baby talk, turn on the "radio" Mama-FM often

From the first days of life, talk to your baby constantly. Describe your actions, what is around. Do not oversimplify your speech. That is, you should not, for example, call a "hat" a "hat". When describing objects, try to name at least 5 epithets for them. For example, you bring the child to the wall, let it be touched and tell: the wall is hard, cold, rough, beige, shiny. Thus, a rich vocabulary is formed.

In the moments when the baby looks at you, pronounce the words so that it is easier for the child to understand how sounds are formed. Remember that your pace, rhythm, and volume of speech is a role model for your child. Your speech should not be too loud, clear, intelligible, and the pace is moderate.

2. I do not understand you

Some parents know how to understand their little ones literally from a "half glance". For those, it is enough just to make a peep or to lead by the edge, so that the mother is already carrying her favorite toy. With such an overwhelming level of parental understanding, the baby simply does not need to speak, and even at two years old he can be silent, like a partisan. Therefore, advice to all-understanding parents - often pretend that you do not understand what your child wants, ask him clarifying questions.

3. Keep the conversation going

Be sure to react to any attempts by your baby to "talk". Repeat the sounds he makes after him. In this case, for example, after repeating "ba-ba" twice, add a new sound on the third - for example, yes-yes.

4. Develop fine motor skills

It has long been proven that the development of speech is closely related to the development of fine motor skills. The fact is that in the brain the centers responsible for speech and coordination of the fingers are located nearby. And the famous Ukrainian teacher Vasily Sukhomlinsky said about this: "The mind of a child is at the tips of his fingers." So they need to pay special attention to the development of their baby. And this can be done literally from his birth.

For this, for example, "magpie-crow" is suitable. In this case, each finger should be massaged first from top to bottom, then from bottom to top. Plus, you need to open the baby's palm, clamped in a fist, by pressing on the point in the center of it. After three months, this reflex disappears, but the child can already lie on his tummy, confidently holding his head. And this gives the mother a lot of opportunities for the development of the baby's fine motor skills.

For example, you can pour calcined semolina into a deep bowl, into which you can "bury" a bunch of small interesting things. Taking them out, the baby will develop fine motor skills. Of course, this can only be done under your close attention. Older children can be used already in the kitchen: for example, sculpt dumplings with them, decorate cookies, etc.

5. Take sound quizzes to develop your speech

It happens that a child, being able to speak the sounds S and S in isolation, instead of "hat" says "sapka". He does it not on purpose or not because he likes it so much. Often, such distortions of words occur due to a violation of phonemic hearing.

To prevent this, from the first months of life, give your baby the opportunity to listen to different sounds: how paper rustles, leaves rustle, etc. When he grows up, you can play with him the game "Guess what sounded". Take several boxes, pour in one, for example, rice, in another - beans, in the third - buttons. Show the contents to the child, shake the boxes, let him listen to how it all sounds. And then ask him to turn away and determine by ear which box "sounded". Play these sound quizzes with your baby often.

6. Charging for the tongue

Another common cause of speech disorders in children is hypertonicity of the muscles of the tongue or, conversely, weakened muscle tone.

To make the baby's tongue moderately active, you need to engage in articulatory gymnastics with him, in which exercises will be provided for both the tension of the muscles of the tongue and the ability to relax them.

For example, to strengthen the muscles, we do the exercise "clean the teeth": lift the tongue up and stroke the top teeth with the tip inside, then outside, then do the same with the lower ones. For relaxation - "Tongue-mattress" Open the mouth, put a soft, relaxed, wide tongue on the lower teeth and hold for 10-15 seconds.

7. Playing football"

For the development of the articulation apparatus, it is very useful to inflate balloons and soap bubbles. For a change, you can play this "football" with your baby. For example, make a gate out of pencils and let the child blow a "ball" of cotton wool or paper into them.

8. We arrange home concerts

Even if a bear trampled everyone's ears in your family, sing anyway. And introduce the baby to the songs: this helps to form the correct speech breathing. Include poetry in your family concert program to help you form the right pace of speech. If you see that the child, telling them, is in a hurry, swallows words, help him by rhythmically slapping.

The norms of the development of speech in a child

0-1 years

1 month - at the end of the first month of life, the child begins to walk, pronounces vowel sounds "a", "and", "e"

2 months - frequent short humming

3 months - frequent prolonged humming

4 months - frequent prolonged humming with different sounds, consonants "m", "b" appear

5 months - the baby adds rhythmic chains from different syllables

6-7 months - consistently attaches different syllables, changing the strength of the sound and pitch

8 months - clearly pronounces "ba", "ma", "yes"

9 months - clear doubling of syllables

10 months - the first words that the child understands appear. Enters into dialogue, correctly repeats the syllables known to him in sound terms

11 months - monosyllabic words are replaced by two-syllable words: "lyalya", "tsyatsya", etc.

12 months - vocabulary 8-12 words.

1-3 years:

1 g 1-3 months - speaks double or single syllables with meaning. Can say meaningful words with two different vowels

1 g 4-6 months - names objects and actions at the moment of interest

1 g 7-9 months - during the game, he can name his action with a two-word sentence

1 g 10 months - 2 years - when communicating with adults, can use three-word sentences, using nouns and pronouns

2 g - 2 g 6 months - speaks more than 3 words in complex sentences. Begins to use complex sentences

2 g 6 months -3 g - starts asking questions "where?", "When", "why?", "Where?"

If the child lags behind in the development of speech, he needs to be shown to a neurologist and speech therapist.

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