Scientists hope the coronavirus vaccine will block transmission of the virus and reduce the risk of infecting others.
Read to the end to get the most useful information.
According to Pfizer-BioNTech, if every 100 people are vaccinated, an average of 95 of them will become immune to COVID-19. In turn, those who have not been vaccinated are at tenfold risk of contracting COVID-19.
However, to date, research showing how long post-vaccination protection lasts and to what extent it reduces or even stops the spread of the virus is insufficient. It is also unclear if vaccinated people can infect others.
The study of any vaccine usually lasts 10 years. This time, the drug against COVID-19 was tested in less than a year. Scientists skipped several steps, focusing on two of the most important questions: how safe the vaccine is and how effective it is.
“The data that we have does not allow us to conclusively assess the effectiveness of the mRNA vaccine against coronavirus in terms of to prevent or limit transmission, ”says a spokesman for The Robert Koch Institute. Koch).
“Ideally, an mRNA vaccine should completely protect against infection. But the so-called sterile immunity for vaccines against coronavirus has not yet been studied, and it is not yet known whether the mRNA vaccine is capable of producing this type of immunity, ”the scientist added.
After vaccination, infection is possible, but it is mild or asymptomatic. In this case, the virus can multiply and then exit when you cough or sneeze.
Studies show that the vaccine takes effect no earlier than two weeks after vaccination, and the resistance to the virus is only 52%. A repeated dose in a week gives a result of 95%.
"In theory, the vaccine should stop both infection and transmission of the coronavirus in society," explains the doctor. Purvi Parikh, immunologist at the non-profit Allergy & Asthma Network and co-author of vaccine research Pfizer. But there is still no evidence that a vaccinated person is not contagious. In this case, the patient may feel good when the virus enters the body, but he can transmit it further by droplets.
The virus spreads through the nose or throat, which are protected by a mucous membrane. This layer of mucus well slows down the penetration of pathogens into the body and retains them there for a while. Even if the vaccine destroys the virus in the body, it cannot neutralize it in the mucous membranes. In this case, a cough or sneeze can spread the virus and infect unvaccinated people, says Professor Dipta Bhattacharya of the University of Arizona College of Medicine.
Output
To summarize, one thing is for sure: the vaccine will ease the course of a person's illness, but it does not guarantee that the virus will not affect others. Therefore, while we are not sure, we should follow the general guidelines for protection against infection after vaccination. It's about keeping distance, hygiene and wearing a face mask. Experts suggest that at least 70-75% of the population should be vaccinated to control the spread of the virus.
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