Our heart muscle fueling coronary arteries branching off from the aorta. And it is exactly the same vessels, which can accumulate harmful cholesterol, evolving over time into plaques covering the vascular lumen.
When dealing with a really bad vessels, patients underwent coronary bypass surgery, restoring blood flow in one or another workaround (through radiation, thoracic arteries, and possibly through the saphenous vein in the leg).
Medical indications
Indications for coronary artery bypass grafting traditionally are:
1. Certain clinical signs.
2. Diagnosed arterial obstruction.
3. Stenosis of coronary vessels (three).
4. Poor results veloergometry.
5. Ischemia without signs of pain.
6. Some heart defects.
Preparatory stage
Surgical intervention for coronary artery bypass surgery is performed:
- Planning;
- or extra.
The second option is used if the patient is admitted to hospital with acute myocardial, for health reasons. Still, the analyzes shall be appointed to such a large-scale operation (including blood group), as well as ECG, X-ray and ultrasound, coronary angiography.
After diagnosing the patient promptly appointed sedatives and tranquilizers.
types of intervention
Today bypass surgery performed in several ways, most of which are implemented:
1. Interference with extracorporeal IR (cardiopulmonary bypass).
2. Without the IR connection, when the heart during surgery continues to work independently.
3. Minimally invasive method (IR and without it). Characterized by minor blood loss, faster rehabilitation and a low% of complications.
During each such operation, the surgeon may use from 2 to 5 shunts (depending on the number of diseased vessels).
The postoperative period
Bypass surgery - a rather complicated procedure, so after the possible complications in the different organs. In the early postoperative period is most commonly diagnosed myocardial necrosis, rapidly absorbed (without proper intervention) in acute myocardial. They may also develop a stroke or asthma.
Prevent complications able to complete pre-operative examination. And to recover quickly after the intervention, you should strictly follow the doctor's appointment (as a rule, it is a diet and breathing exercises).
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